Page 34 - IJSA, Vol. 7, No 1, 2024

International Journal of Science Annals, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2024
рrint ISSN: 2617-2682; online ISSN: 2707-3637; DOI:10.26697/ijsa

The dynamics of minor, moderate, severe and extremely for minor (15.2%), moderate (24.1%), severe (9.8%)
severe depression manifestations among university and extremely severe (9.8%) manifestations of
students during the war are shown in Figure 2. depression among Group 3 students in 2024 increased
The dynamics of the Depression Scale revealed an more than 2-fold. This indicates a serious deterioration
almost 2-fold decrease in the absence of depressive in their mental health. This was usually manifested by
symptoms among students in the Transcarpathian region complaints of frequent headaches, stomach pain, rapid
and the EU in 2022-2024 (from 86.9% of students in heartbeats or breathing, sweating, dizziness and
Group 1 to 46.4% of students in Group 3). The scores unexplained panic.

Figure 2
Dynamics of Depression Manifestations among University Students in Wartime in 2022-2024

The gender specificity of students is that depression is and extremely severe (6.7%) manifestations of
more pronounced among women in Group 3 than among depression were less common among men in Group 4
all groups of students studying in the Transcarpathian than among women (3.5%, 41.2%, 22.4% and 10.6%
region and in the EU. The scores of moderate (26.8%), respectively).
severe (11.3%) and extremely severe (4.2%) The dynamics of minor, moderate, severe and extremely
manifestations of depression among women in 2024 severe anxiety manifestations among university students
increased more than 2-fold compared to the same data in during the war are shown in Figure 3.
2022 (4.7%, 2.3% and 2.3% respectively) and more than We analysed the dynamics of the Anxiety Scale score
that among men in Group 3 (19.5% and 7.3% based on a study of students using the DASS-21. Among
respectively). students living in the Transcarpathian region and the EU
The dynamics of the Depression Scale among students in 2022, 86.9% had no anxiety symptoms (normal
in the Kharkiv region (Groups 2 and 4) were revealed as manifestations), 6.5% had minor symptoms, 3.7% had
follows. Over the period 2022-2024, there was a moderate symptoms, 1.9% had severe symptoms, and
decrease (more than 3-fold) in the absence of depressive 0.9% had critical anxiety. In 2024, 52.7% of the students
symptoms from 78.6% (students in Group 2) to 22.4% had no anxiety symptoms (normal manifestations),
(students in Group 4). The scores for moderate (40.0%), 14.3% had minor symptoms, 3.7% had moderate
severe (20.9) and extremely severe (9.6%) symptoms, 8.0% had severe symptoms, and 2.7% had
manifestations of depression among students in Group 4 extremely severe anxiety. The increase in particularly
in 2024 increased more than 5-fold. These scores are the severe and extremely severe manifestations of anxiety
highest of all the groups studied. This indicates a among students indicates a sharp deterioration in their
significant deterioration in the mental health of students psychological state, the presence of neurotic disorders
in the Kharkiv region in 2022-2024. and maladjustment in the third year of the war.
The gender differences in depression manifestations It should be noted that, according to the results of the
among students in the Kharkiv region are the greatest 2022 gender survey, anxiety is more pronounced among
among women in Group 4 (2024). This suggests that women. Minor anxiety symptoms were observed in
these women have significant mental health problems. 11.6% of women, moderate in 7.0%, severe and
In 2024, the percentages of women with moderate extremely severe in 2.3%, these percentages were
(26.7%), severe (11.3%), and extremely severe (4.2%) significantly greater than those for men (3.1%, 1.6%,
depression increased more than 2-fold compared to 1.6% and 0.0%, respectively). In 2024, there is no
those in 2022 (4.7%, 2.3% and 2.3% respectively). Men statistically significant difference between the anxiety
in Group 4 had lower levels of depression than women scores of women and men in the Transcarpathian region
did. Minor (6.7%), moderate (36.7%), severe (16.7%) and the EU.

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