Page 19 - IJSA, Vol. 3, No 1, 2020

рrint ISSN: 2617-2682; online ISSN: 2707-3637; DOI:10.26697/ijsa IJSA

Introduction of “a handle”, that is, the means of fixing information at
Education as a sociocultural phenomenon of state one or another level of complexity. World experience,
formation and development focuses on the set of which has been offered to Ukrainian educators by
achievements, problems and challenges that always foreign partners for over 20 years (educational projects
accompany Ukraine during 29 years since the Intel, Microsoft, etc.), shows that the purpose of ICT is
momentous event of gaining independence. Applying a to create, develop and implement innovative ideas in all
metaphorical technique, we allow ourselves to use a spheres of people’s and country’s lives. The experience
conditional parallel to the interpretation of such words of the conceptual approach to the functioning of Silicon
as “a focus” and “to focus”, defined in dictionaries as Valley is a confirmation of an exclusive mission of ICT
1) the point at which parallel rays (streams), refracted by concepts in the world’s socio-economic progress.
lens or reflected by a spherical mirror, gather; 2) to Therefore, we consider the analysis of ICT concepts,
adjust an optical system to get a clear image. In our created in the national educational theory and practice,
opinion, the effective education system is the is an urgent problem that requires a scientific research in
conditional point that focuses on (that is, reflects) the several areas such as a concept, a strategy for
course of social changes, and which not only illustrates implementing the concept, real experience, and so on.
the process of state development during the The aim of the study. To consider ICT concepts which
independence period, but also it becomes the were created in the system of education in Ukraine
mechanism and means of this development itself. The during the independence period.
system of education is the basis for a scientific analysis
of many components, including the diversity of ICT Materials and Methods
implementation aspects in education, which collectively In the study, the following general scientific methods
define a rare, unusual, exceptional, unique phenomenon were used: analysis (historical and pedagogical),
and the name of this phenomenon is independent synthesis, comparison, generalization.
Ukraine. Historical and pedagogical analysis of various sources
In particular, the National report on the state and were used to see the historical dynamics in the
prospects of education in Ukraine (Kremen, 2016) states development of the education system and the problems
that twenty-five years of Ukraine’s independence have of developing ICT concepts in particular.
been marked by the formation, implementation and
modernization of state education policy. In the period up Results and Discussion
to 2002, Ukrainian self-sufficient national education Scientists of Ukraine consider that it is urgent to study
system which corresponded new social relations, gained general tendencies of reforming the national education
an innovative potential for further development. Since system not only as a single unit, but also in relation to
1991, adopted laws on education, scientific and the development and approval of the information
technical activities have certified national self- society. Specific phenomena and processes related to
identification of education. The establishment of ICT in education are also studied, challenges and
educational legislation began and the National Doctrine reasons for failure for achieving goals of the use of
of Educational Development was approved (President of technology in education are analyzed (Gurzhiy &
Ukraine, 2002). Lapinsky, 2013). In particular, Bykov, Spirin, and
The next decade was marked by an increasing Pinchuk (2017) state that Ukraine has imbalanced
transformational impact on education because of indicators or a significant lag behind the developed
European integration and globalization. In national countries in the development of the information society.
education, the gaps between the best European and The authors refer to the results of international studies
world practices were evident; it also touched the ICT (International Telecommunication Union, 2016) and
concept. Since 2014, a new perspective on the quality confirm the validity of the conclusion made by the
level and social role of education has been established in experts who discussed the state of informatization of
Ukraine. The innovative Laws of Ukraine “On Higher education during the round table talks: “the introduction
Education”, “On Scientific and Technical Activities”, of modern technologies is significantly delayed, but an
“On Education”, Conceptual Principles of Secondary internal and external digital gap is increasing; there is no
School Reform “New Ukrainian School” (Ministry of consolidated national ICT development strategy. It
Education and Science of Ukraine, 2016), numerous slows down the pace of creation and exchange of
educational acts have been adopted. All these helped information, knowledge, experience and technology”
update national education systematically. Finally, the (Committee on Science and Education of the Verkhovna
National strategy for the development of education in Rada of Ukraine, 2016).
Ukraine in for the period up to 2021 (President of Bykov (2009) emphasizes that general tendencies of
Ukraine, 2013) identified and consolidated main informatization of education are the formation tools of
priorities of education at the state level. information and technological platform of open
However, as it was proved by the educational practice, education. Gurzhiy and Lapinsky (2013) analyze
in most cases these are only slogans about the informatization conditions of secondary education
implementation of ICT concepts which sound really establishments, and he also generalizes problems and
very well. The basis for this statement is the condition topical changes.
of the use of ICT in the learning process at all levels of Morze (2010) as a developer of textbooks, techniques
education. Unfortunately, in the interpretation of real and many other aspects of ICT implementation, offers
educational practice, they mostly perform the function
17