Page 29 - IJSA, Vol. 4, No 2, 2021

International Journal of Science Annals, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2021
рrint ISSN: 2617-2682; online ISSN: 2707-3637; DOI:10.26697/ijsa

realization (this is a testing ground for practical the theoretical basis of the psychological transformation
activities); therapeutic (overcoming various difficulties game “My Dao”. Elkonin (1989) was one of the first to
that arise in other activities); diagnostic (detection of draw attention to the interaction of ideal and real forms:
deviations from normative behaviour, self-cognition primary forms of affective-semantic formations of
during the game); corrective (making positive changes in human consciousness exist objectively outside each
the structure of personal qualities); socialization individual, exist in human society in the form of works
(inclusion in the system of social relations, assimilation of art, i.e. these forms existed earlier than individual or
of the norms of human coexistence). subjective affective-semantic formations.
It is found out that transformation games have strong In the process of life, a person develops “psychological
motivational potential (Heckhausen, 1977). The neoplasms”, goes through certain stages (age crises),
effectiveness of the transformation game is ensured by characterized by psychological changes, the sensitivity of
the “Zeigarnik effect” (the effect of incomplete action the individual to external influences and a decrease in
and the effect of waiting), which can cause a feeling of resistance to them (Elkonin, 1989). At each stage, certain
approaching success in achieving the goal. In addition, personal values become more important. Values are a
due to the conditions of the game, the resistance of the subjectively interested attitude towards things,
participants is weakened, and the intrinsic motivation is phenomena, therefore their development presupposes an
activated due to the effects of the field (Lewin, n.d.). interested attitude towards educational and professional
The advantage of transformation games is that they activities. They affect life orientation, professional and
capture attention, increase group excitement, along with family orientation, professional growth and other
the so-called game responsibility, increase reactivity in motives that shape personality (Melnyk, 2017; Melnyk &
the game situation (Myers, 2009). Stadnik, 2018a).
Thus, the study of the scientific literature allowed us to Thus, for a psychologist, the transformation game is
conclude that game as a form of activity has advantages attractive because it helps to establish contact, works
for the work of a psychologist because it: directly with the subconscious, allows a person to realize,
- helps to establish contact with the client; feel and verbalize current, exciting problems and
- helps to remove barriers in communication; develops their new solutions. At the same time, the
- works directly with the subconscious; psychological game is important for clients because it
- allows a person to understand, feel and verbalize allows them to understand better their values and
current, exciting issues; problems, helps achieve important life or professional
- searches for unexpected solutions, views and goals, strengthens relationships with others, it is a method
discoveries; of relaxation, fun and alternative recreation.
- develops new options for overcoming problems.
For the client, the psychological game is important Conclusions
because it is: The developed psychological transformation game “My
- a teaching method that allows a person to better Dao” is aimed at changing the self-esteem and motivation
understand themselves and their values, to understand of participants, the disclosure of their personal resources
their problems; to solve problems and to develop further. This technique
- assistance in achieving an important life or professional is universal due to the age category of participants and
goal; the ability to solve psychological problems.
- a way to strengthen relationships with others (relatives, The greatest impact of the developed game on the
friends, colleagues, etc.); participants is observed at the level of normative ideals:
- the ability to understand interpersonal and intrapersonal tradition, conformity, security, hedonism and
conflicts; universalism. This indicates their certain change towards
- a way of training psychophysiological and increasing harmony and stability, as well as reducing
psychosomatic activities, developing new skills; humility and acceptance of their destiny. At the level of
- a way of contact with the subconscious and individual priorities, there is an increase in hedonism,
understanding the causes of life obstacles; power and stimulation, which indicates an increase in the
- the possibility of relaxation, pleasant pastime and role of satisfaction, success, ambition, the desire for
alternative recreation in a game format. novelty and strong emotions. At the same time, high
In modern psychology, there are several theories of results of universalism, hedonism, self-direction and
periodization of human mental development in conformity indicate an increase in understanding,
ontogenesis (Elkonin, 2001; Freud et al., 2001; Kohlberg, tolerance, enjoyment of life, self-control, self-
1969; Piaget, 1959). Despite the fact that none of these government, self-discipline and politeness of game
authors considers human ontogeny over 20-year period, participants. While the level of individual priorities of the
each of these theories is valuable and reflected in the control group is characterized mainly by relatively high
theoretical foundations of our methodology. results of self-direction and universalism. The study of
Let us consider one of the most spread theories ‒ the psychological transformation game “My Dao” with
“Leading activity periodization” (Elkonin, 2001). the elderly participants and participants with various
Without delving into the specifics of the activity psychological problems as well as its testing in clinical
approach, we have to note that the works of this scholar psychotherapy are promising.
became one of the most valuable for the development of

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