Page 37 - IJSA, Vol. 6, No 1, 2023

International Journal of Science Annals, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2023
рrint ISSN: 2617-2682; online ISSN: 2707-3637; DOI:10.26697/ijsa

Table 3
Correlation of Studied Parameters with Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertension
Subjects

With SBP With DBP
Variables
r-value p-value r-value p-value
**
**
Age 0.299 0.000 0.225 0.000
**
**
BMI 0.635 0.000 0.527 0.000
**
FBG 0.393 0.000 0.286 0.000
**
TC 0.540 0.000 0.388 0.000
**
**
TG 0.623 0.000 0.462 0.000
**
**
**
**
HDL -0.449 0.000 -0.350 0.000
*
**
LDL 0.183 0.004 0.129 0.042
**
VLDL-C 0.623 0.000 0.462 0.000
**
**
**
Apo A1 -0.401 0.000 -0.301 0.000
Apo B100 0.148 0.019 0.111 0.080
*
NS
Apo B100/Apo A1 0.306 0.000 0.232 0.000
**
**

**
*
Note. Not significant (p>0.05); Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed); Correlation is significant at the
NS
0.05 level (2-tailed); BMI=Body mass index; SBP=Systolic blood pressure; DBP=Diastolic blood pressure; FBG= Fasting
blood glucose; TC=Total cholesterol; TG=Triglyceride; HDL-C=High density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C=Low
density lipoprotein cholesterol; VLDL-C=Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

In essential hypertension participants, age, BMI, FBG, other cardiovascular illnesses in older individuals as
lipid measures such as TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, as well compared to younger people. There is an upward trend in
as the Apo B100/Apo A1 ratio, were significantly the prevalence of hypertension and vascular stiffness as
positively associated with both SBP and DBP, but HDL people age (AlGhatrif et al., 2013; Ferreira et al., 2012).
and Apo A1 were significantly negatively correlated. In Additionally, compared to controls, the hypertension
persons with essential hypertension, there was a participants in this study had statistically significantly
significant positive correlation between Apo B100 and higher BMI, which is consistent with studies done by
SBP. Despite a favorable correlation between Apo B100 Nayak et al. (2016); Osuji et al. (2012); Sur et al. (2015).
and DBP, it was not statistically significant. Moreover, BMI was positively related to both SBP and
DBP in essential hypertension subjects. This is due to the
Discussion association between a greater BMI and a higher plasma
This case-control study took place in a hospital setting volume and cardiac output. Therefore, obesity is a risk
and included patients with essential hypertension. In the factor for hypertension. Losing weight has a significant
current study, an attempt was made to describe the influence on reducing cardiovascular morbidity and
abnormality of lipid parameters, apolipoproteins, and mortality in hypertensive people, including stroke, heart
their ratio (Apo B/Apo A1 ratio) among patients with attack, and heart failure (Linderman et al., 2018).
essential hypertension in a central Indian setting. In this study, essential hypertension participants had
The present study found that both systolic and diastolic significantly higher fasting blood sugar levels than
blood pressures were significantly higher in participants control subjects. This is following the study carried out
with essential hypertension compared to controls. This is by Nayak et al. (2016), who reported statistically
in line with previous studies (Mahapatro et al., 2020; significant increased levels of fasting blood sugar in both
Nayak et al., 2016; Osuji et al., 2012; Pyadala et al., 2017; stage I and stage II hypertensive subjects. Furthermore,
Sur et al., 2015). As blood pressure rises, so does the in our study, we found a significant and positive
chance of cardiovascular events; the more hypertensive a correlation of fasting blood sugar with both systolic and
person is, the greater the likelihood that he/she may suffer diastolic blood pressure in essential hypertension
from cardiovascular disease. Since there was no subjects. As the fasting blood glucose level increases as
statistically significant age difference between the people a result of metabolic disorders, obesity, and
with essential hypertension and the controls, it can be hyperglycemia with insulin resistance, the renin-
concluded that the study participants were age-matched. angiotensin system (RAS) may undergo alterations. This
In hypertensive participants, however, age was found to may have an effect on the patient’s blood pressure (Jia et
have a positive and statistically significant relationship al., 2016; Zhou et al., 2015).
with both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Systolic Alterations in lipid metabolism leading to abnormalities
blood pressure increases with age, which may be caused in blood lipid and lipoprotein levels have been related to
by an increase in artery stiffness brought on by hypertension. It has also been demonstrated that
atherosclerotic changes to the arterial wall. Numerous hyperlipidemia dramatically worsens the prognosis in
epidemiological studies have emphasized the link hypertensive individuals (Harvey & Beevers, 1990). An
between arterial stiffness in hypertension patients and abnormality in blood lipid and lipoprotein levels (also

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